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Beginning of Paper
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J.J. Thomson
Science lecturers who traveled from town to town in the middle nineteenth century delighted audiences by showing them the ancestor of the neon sign. They took a glass tube with wires embedded in opposite ends . . . put a high voltage across . . . pumped out most of the air . . . and the interior of t ....
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Middle of Paper
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.... charged particles. Hertz and his student Philipp Lenard also placed a thin metal foil in the path of the rays and saw that the glass still glowed, as though the rays slipped through the foil. Did that not prove that cathode rays were some kind of waves?
Other experiments cast doubt on the idea that these were ordinary particles of matter, for example gas molecules as some suggested. In France, Jean Perrin had found that cathode rays carried a negative charge. In Germany, in January 1897 Emil Wiechert made a puzzling measurement indicating that the r ....
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