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Beginning of Paper
Stars
A star is a large ball of hot gas, thousands to millions of kilometers
in diameter, emitting large amounts of radiant energy from nuclear
reactions in its interior. Stars differ fundamentally from planets in that
they are self-luminous, whereas planets shine by reflected sunlight. Except
for the SUN, which is the n ....
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Middle of Paper
.... are collected in the larger groupings called
galaxies. Our GALAXY, the Milky Way, contains more than 100 billion stars.
Because tens of millions of other galaxies are known to exist, the total
number of stars in the universe exceeds a billion billion.
Positions, Motions, and Distances
Stars are seen in the same relative positions, night after night, year
after year. They provided early astronomers with a reference system for
measuring the motions of planets ("wandering stars"), the Moon, and the Sun.
The westward rotation of the celestial sphere simply re ....
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