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Beginning of Paper
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Arches and Vaults in Architecture
Arch and Vault, a fundamental construction system in architecture used to
span the space between walls, piers, or other supports and to create a roof
or a ceiling. Until the 19th century the arch and vault were the only
alternative to the far more limited and simpler pos ....
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Middle of Paper
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.... If the space between the arch and the lintel is
filled in, the resulting flat surface is the tympanum. Arches have been
built since prehistoric times. Rude prototypes were made by leaning two
slabs of rock together or by constructing a stepped, or corbeled, arch in
which projecting elements from a wall rise in steps from the supports to
meet in the center. The Egyptians, Babylonians, and Greeks used the arch,
generally for secular structures, such as storerooms and sewers. The
Assyrians built palaces with arched ceilings, and the Etruscans used arches
in bridge ....
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